A&P ACS codes
Updated October 25, 2026 · from the FAA Aviation Mechanic ACS (FAA-S-ACS-1)
Every knowledge (K) and risk management (R) element of the A&P Airman Certification Standards, with the official element text and, for 505 of 665, a sample oral question from DMEReady. Look up the codes from your written test report (AKTR) to see what the examiner may ask, or build a printable study plan from them.
Practice your codes out loud, free
Skill (S) elements are performed on the practical, not answered on the oral, so they are not listed here. See what DMEReady covers. Also: the codes applicants miss most in FAA data, and explain-it-out-loud practice for written-test study.
General · 228 codes
AM.I.A · Fundamentals of Electricity and Electronics
AM.I.A.K1Electron theory (conventional flow vs. electron flow)AM.I.A.K2MagnetismAM.I.A.K3Capacitance in a circuitAM.I.A.K4Inductance in a circuitAM.I.A.K5Alternating current (AC) electrical circuitsAM.I.A.K6Direct current (DC) electrical circuitsAM.I.A.K7Electrical laws and theoryAM.I.A.K8Electrical measurement tools, principles, and proceduresAM.I.A.K9VoltageAM.I.A.K10CurrentAM.I.A.K11ResistanceAM.I.A.K12PowerAM.I.A.K13Series circuitsAM.I.A.K14Parallel circuitsAM.I.A.K15Aircraft batteriesAM.I.A.K16TransformersAM.I.A.K17Circuit continuityAM.I.A.K18Controlling devices, including switches and relaysAM.I.A.K19Protective devices, including fuses, circuit breakers, and current…AM.I.A.K20Resistor types and color codingAM.I.A.K21Semiconductors, including diodes, transistors, and integrated circuitsAM.I.A.K22Digital logic, including RAM, ROM, NVRAM, logic gates, inverter,…AM.I.A.K23Binary numbersAM.I.A.K24Electrostatic dischargeAM.I.A.K25Electrical circuit drawingsAM.I.A.K26Complex/combined circuitsAM.I.A.K27AC and DC motorsAM.I.A.R1Taking voltage, current, resistance, and capacitance measurementsAM.I.A.R2Handling, storage, and inspection of different types of batteries…AM.I.A.R3High-voltage circuits (e.g., strobe lighting)AM.I.A.R4Working around batteries
AM.I.B · Aircraft Drawings
AM.I.B.K1Drawings, blueprints, sketches, charts, graphs, and system…AM.I.B.K2Repair or alteration of an aircraft system or component(s) using…AM.I.B.K3Inspection of an aircraft system or component(s) using drawings,…AM.I.B.K4Terms used in conjunction with aircraft drawings, blueprints, or…AM.I.B.R1Interpretation of plus or minus tolerances as depicted on aircraft…AM.I.B.R2Specifications for design of alterations and repairsAM.I.B.R3Applicability of the drawing or schematic to the particular aircraft…AM.I.B.R4Identification of the current version and applicability of drawing…
AM.I.C · Weight and Balance
AM.I.C.K1Weight and balance terminologyAM.I.C.K2Purpose for weighing an aircraftAM.I.C.K3Weighing procedures, including the general preparations for weighing,…AM.I.C.K4Procedures for calculation of the following: arm, positive or…AM.I.C.K5Purpose and application of weight and CG limitsAM.I.C.K6Purpose of determining CGAM.I.C.K7Adverse loading considerations and how to calculate if adverse…AM.I.C.K8Determine proper empty weight configurationAM.I.C.K9Proper ballast placementAM.I.C.K10Jacking an aircraftAM.I.C.R1Situations and conditions when jacking an aircraftAM.I.C.R2Aircraft weighing proceduresAM.I.C.R3Use of scalesAM.I.C.R4Aerodynamic effect of CG that is forward or aft of CG limitsAM.I.C.R5Aerodynamic and performance effects of weight in excess of limits
AM.I.D · Fluid Lines and Fittings
AM.I.D.K1Tubing and hose materials, applications, sizes, and fittingsAM.I.D.K2Rigid line or flexible hose material identificationAM.I.D.K3Rigid line fabrication, installation, and inspection…AM.I.D.K4Flexible hose fabrication, installation, and inspection…AM.I.D.K5Importance of using a torque wrench when securing fluid hose and line…AM.I.D.K6Use of torque seal or similar witness techniques after installing…AM.I.D.R1System configuration prior to and during maintenanceAM.I.D.R2Use of required safety equipmentAM.I.D.R3Hazardous fluidsAM.I.D.R4High-pressure fluid systemsAM.I.D.R5A twisted hoseAM.I.D.R6A loosened fitting or a hose that has moved out of positionAM.I.D.R7Use of tools while applying torque to a fluid line
AM.I.E · Aircraft Materials, Hardware, and Processes
AM.I.E.K1Materials commonly used in aircraft and their general applicationAM.I.E.K2Heat treatment and metal working processesAM.I.E.K3Forces placed on aircraft materials (e.g., tension, compression,…AM.I.E.K4Hardware commonly used in aircraft (e.g., bolts, nuts, screws, pins,…AM.I.E.K5Safety wire and safety clip requirements and techniquesAM.I.E.K6Precision measurement tools, principles, and proceduresAM.I.E.K7Soldering preparation, types of solder, and flux usageAM.I.E.K8Torquing tools, principles, and proceduresAM.I.E.K9Suitability and compatibility of materials and hardware used for…AM.I.E.K10Relationship between torque and fastener preloadAM.I.E.K11Identification markings on materials and hardwareAM.I.E.K12Characteristics of acceptable weldsAM.I.E.K13Characteristics of unacceptable weldsAM.I.E.K14Procedures for weld repairsAM.I.E.R1Use of personal protective equipment (PPE)AM.I.E.R2Improper torqueAM.I.E.R3Used hardware or suspected unapproved parts (SUPS)AM.I.E.R4Torquing techniques on critical, highly-stressed fasteners
AM.I.F · Ground Operations and Servicing
AM.I.F.K1Aircraft towing proceduresAM.I.F.K2Aircraft securing proceduresAM.I.F.K3Aviation fueling/defueling proceduresAM.I.F.K4Airport operation area procedures and ATC communications, including…AM.I.F.K5Engine starting, ground operation, and aircraft taxiing proceduresAM.I.F.K6Types/classes of fire extinguishers and proceduresAM.I.F.K7Aircraft oil, hydraulic and pneumatic, and deicing servicing…AM.I.F.K8Oxygen system servicing proceduresAM.I.F.K9Characteristics of aviation gasoline and turbine fuels, including…AM.I.F.K10Fuel additives commonly used in the fieldAM.I.F.K11Use of approved grades/types of fuel in aircraft enginesAM.I.F.K12Tool and hardware use and accountabilityAM.I.F.K13Material handlingAM.I.F.K14Parts protectionsAM.I.F.K15Hazardous materials, Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and PPEAM.I.F.K16Foreign object damage effectsAM.I.F.R1Preparing to tow an aircraftAM.I.F.R2Connecting external power equipment to an aircraftAM.I.F.R3Fueling/defueling ungrounded aircraft or using improper equipmentAM.I.F.R4Misfueling and using incorrect or contaminated fuelAM.I.F.R5Oxygen system servicingAM.I.F.R6Engine start/run-up without using a checklistAM.I.F.R7Engine starting and ground operationsAM.I.F.R8Engine starting and operation while troubleshooting or adjusting…AM.I.F.R9Ground operation of an aircraft engine with cowling removed contrary…AM.I.F.R10Ground operation of aircraft in the vicinity of other aircraft or…
AM.I.G · Cleaning and Corrosion Control
AM.I.G.K1Aircraft cleaning proceduresAM.I.G.K2Corrosion theory and causationAM.I.G.K3Types and effects of corrosionAM.I.G.K4Corrosion-prone areas in aircraftAM.I.G.K5Corrosion preventive maintenance proceduresAM.I.G.K6Corrosion identification and inspectionAM.I.G.K7Corrosion removal and treatment proceduresAM.I.G.K8Corrosion preventive compounds (CPC) (e.g., waxy sealants, thin-film…AM.I.G.K9Selection of optimal CPC and frequency of treatmentAM.I.G.K10Use of high-pressure application equipmentAM.I.G.K11Improper use of cleaners on aluminum or composite materialsAM.I.G.K12Dissimilar metals causing accelerated corrosion and role of…AM.I.G.K13Conversion coatingsAM.I.G.K14Materials used for protection of airframe structuresAM.I.G.K15Primer materialsAM.I.G.K16Topcoat materialsAM.I.G.K17Surface preparation for a desired finishing materialAM.I.G.K18Effects of ambient conditions on finishing materialsAM.I.G.K19Effects of improper surface preparation on finishing materialsAM.I.G.K20Regulatory requirements for replacing identification, registration…AM.I.G.K21Inspection of aircraft finishesAM.I.G.K22Safety practices/precautions when using finishing materials (e.g.,…AM.I.G.K23Finishing materials application techniques and practicesAM.I.G.K24Control surface balance considerations after refinishingAM.I.G.R1Health concerns when using paints, solvents, finishing materials, and…AM.I.G.R2VentilationAM.I.G.R3Identification of materials and processes to be used for cleaning or…AM.I.G.R4SDS PPE instructions for products during removal and treatment of…AM.I.G.R5Working with flammable chemicalsAM.I.G.R6Disposal of chemicals and waste materialsAM.I.G.R7Use of PPE when working with paints and solventsAM.I.G.R8Application of finishing materials
AM.I.H · Mathematics
AM.I.H.K1Areas of various geometrical shapesAM.I.H.K2Volumes of various geometrical shapesAM.I.H.K3Definitions, descriptions and use of geometrical terms, including but…AM.I.H.K4Ratio problems, including examples of where or how they may be used…AM.I.H.K5Proportion and percentage problems, including examples of where or…AM.I.H.K6Algebraic operations, including examples of where or how they may be…AM.I.H.K7Conditions or areas in which metric conversion may be necessaryAM.I.H.K8Scientific (exponential) notation, decimal notation, fractional…AM.I.H.K9Rounding numbersAM.I.H.K10Powers and special powersAM.I.H.K11Measurement systemsAM.I.H.K12Use of positive and negative integers in mathematical operationsAM.I.H.K13Basic mathematic functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication,…AM.I.H.R1Precedence of operations when solving an algebraic equationAM.I.H.R2Use of both positive and negative integers in mathematical operationsAM.I.H.R3Rounding off calculations
AM.I.I · Regulations, Maintenance Forms, Records, and Publications
AM.I.I.K1Privileges and limitations of a mechanic certificateAM.I.I.K2Recent experience requirements and how to re-establish once lostAM.I.I.K3Maintenance record entry for approval for return to service after…AM.I.I.K4Maintenance record entry for approval for return to service after…AM.I.I.K5The purpose and use of FAA forms (e.g., FAA Forms 337, 8010-4,…AM.I.I.K6Maintenance terminology as defined in 14 CFR part 1 (e.g., time in…AM.I.I.K7Criteria and responsibility for determining whether a repair or…AM.I.I.K8The regulatory framework, including general subject matter of the…AM.I.I.K9Agency publications and guidance materials, including aircraft…AM.I.I.K10Alternative Method of Compliance (AMOC) for an ADAM.I.I.K11Manufacturer publications, including maintenance manuals, service…AM.I.I.K12FAA databases and resources available, including TCDSs and…AM.I.I.K13Compliance requirements for manufacturer-specified methods,…AM.I.I.K14Compliance requirements for manufacturer-specified maintenance and…AM.I.I.K15FAA-approved maintenance data, including maintenance manuals and…AM.I.I.K16Difference between approved data and acceptable data, and when each…AM.I.I.K17FAA-approved airworthiness limitationsAM.I.I.K18Alert, caution, and warning indications; and the basic definition of…AM.I.I.K19Inoperative equipmentAM.I.I.K20Discrepancy records or placardsAM.I.I.K21Usable on (effectivity) codes in parts manualsAM.I.I.K22Methods used to establish the serial number effectivity of an itemAM.I.I.K23Mechanic address change notification proceduresAM.I.I.R1Completeness or accuracy of documentationAM.I.I.R2Use of SDSAM.I.I.R3Complacency during documentation phase of maintenance proceduresAM.I.I.R4Adherence to warnings, cautions, or notes in maintenance and…AM.I.I.R5Determination of component applicability to a given aircraft
AM.I.J · Physics for Aviation
AM.I.J.K1Matter and energyAM.I.J.K2Work, power, force, and motionAM.I.J.K3Simple machines and mechanicsAM.I.J.K4Heat and pressureAM.I.J.K5Bernoulli’s PrincipleAM.I.J.K6Newton’s Law of MotionAM.I.J.K7Gas law and fluid mechanicsAM.I.J.K8Theory of flight (aerodynamics)AM.I.J.K9Standard atmosphere and factors affecting atmospheric conditionsAM.I.J.K10Primary and secondary aircraft flight controlsAM.I.J.K11Additional aerodynamic devices, including vortex generators, wing…AM.I.J.K12Relationship between temperature, density, weight, and volumeAM.I.J.K13Force, area, or pressure in a specific applicationAM.I.J.R1Changes in aircraft and engine performance due to density altitudeAM.I.J.R2Effect a repair can have on a flight surfaceAM.I.J.R3Use of performance/testing dataAM.I.J.R4Use of related units of measure (e.g., Celsius vs. Fahrenheit)
AM.I.K · Inspection Concepts and Techniques
AM.I.K.K1Measuring tools, including calipers, micrometers, and gaugesAM.I.K.K2Calibration and tool accuracy requirementsAM.I.K.K3Nondestructive Testing (NDT) procedures and methodsAM.I.K.K4Aircraft inspection programs (e.g., progressive, 100-hour, annual,…AM.I.K.K5Aircraft inspection methods and tools for materials, hardware, and…AM.I.K.R1Demagnetizing a component following a magnetic particle inspectionAM.I.K.R2Using precision measuring instrumentsAM.I.K.R3Calibration of precision measuring equipmentAM.I.K.R4Selection of inspection techniquesAM.I.K.R5Damage prevention to aircraft components and test equipment when…
AM.I.L · Human Factors
AM.I.L.K1Safety culture and organizational factorsAM.I.L.K2Human error principlesAM.I.L.K3Event investigationAM.I.L.K4Human performance and limitationsAM.I.L.K5Physical and social environmentAM.I.L.K6Communication/reporting of hazardsAM.I.L.K7Teamwork and leadershipAM.I.L.K8Professionalism and integrityAM.I.L.K9Shift and task turnoverAM.I.L.K10Conditions/preconditions for unsafe actsAM.I.L.K11Types of human errorsAM.I.L.R1Selective reporting of hazardsAM.I.L.R2Fatigue management and fitness for dutyAM.I.L.R3Non-invasive, condition-monitoring technologies
Airframe · 274 codes
AM.II.A · Metallic Structures
AM.II.A.K1Inspection/testing of metal structuresAM.II.A.K2Types of sheet metal defectsAM.II.A.K3Selection of sheet metal repair materialsAM.II.A.K4Layout, forming, and drilling of sheet metal componentsAM.II.A.K5Selection of rivets, hardware, and fasteners for a sheet metal repairAM.II.A.K6Heat treatment processes for aluminumAM.II.A.K7Rivet layoutAM.II.A.K8Rivet removal and installation methodsAM.II.A.K9Maintenance safety practices/precautions for sheet metal repairs or…AM.II.A.K10Flame welding gasesAM.II.A.K11Storage/handling of welding gasesAM.II.A.K12Flame welding practices and techniquesAM.II.A.K13Inert-gas welding practices and techniquesAM.II.A.K14Purpose and types of shielding gasesAM.II.A.K15Types of steel tubing welding repairsAM.II.A.K16Procedures for weld repairsAM.II.A.K17Types of structures and their characteristicsAM.II.A.R1Selection of repair materialsAM.II.A.R2Utilizing maintenance safety practices/precautions for sheet metal…AM.II.A.R3Use of PPE when working with sheet metal structuresAM.II.A.R4Handling, storage, and use of compressed gas bottlesAM.II.A.R5Use of electric welding equipment
AM.II.B · Non-Metallic Structures
AM.II.B.K1Wood structures, including inspection techniques, tools, and…AM.II.B.K2Effects of moisture/humidity on wood and fabric coveringsAM.II.B.K3Types and general characteristics of wood used in aircraft structuresAM.II.B.K4Permissible substitutes and other materials used in the construction…AM.II.B.K5Acceptable and unacceptable wood defectsAM.II.B.K6Wood repair techniques and practicesAM.II.B.K7Factors used in determining the proper type covering materialAM.II.B.K8Types of approved aircraft covering materialAM.II.B.K9Seams commonly used with aircraft coveringAM.II.B.K10Covering textile termsAM.II.B.K11Structure surface preparationAM.II.B.K12Covering methods commonly usedAM.II.B.K13Covering means of attachmentAM.II.B.K14Areas on aircraft covering most susceptible to deteriorationAM.II.B.K15Aircraft covering preservation/restorationAM.II.B.K16Inspection of aircraft coveringAM.II.B.K17Covering repair techniques and practicesAM.II.B.K18Inspection/testing of composite structuresAM.II.B.K19Types of composite structure defectsAM.II.B.K20Composite structure fiber, core, and matrix materialsAM.II.B.K21Composite materials storage practices and shelf lifeAM.II.B.K22Composite repair methods, techniques, fasteners, and practicesAM.II.B.K23Thermoplastic material inspection/types of defectsAM.II.B.K24Thermoplastic material storage and handlingAM.II.B.K25Thermoplastic material installation proceduresAM.II.B.K26Care and maintenance of windowsAM.II.B.K27Window temporary and permanent repairsAM.II.B.K28Maintenance safety practices/precautions for composite…AM.II.B.K29Inspecting restraints and upholsteryAM.II.B.R1Selection of glue (adhesive) or fasteners for aircraft structureAM.II.B.R2Composite structure repairsAM.II.B.R3Exposure to materials used in composite repairAM.II.B.R4Storage of composite materialsAM.II.B.R5Measuring and mixing of materials associated with composite…AM.II.B.R6Use of materials that are not part of an approved repair systemAM.II.B.R7Material shelf-life
AM.II.C · Flight Controls
AM.II.C.K1Control cablesAM.II.C.K2Control cable maintenanceAM.II.C.K3Cable connectorsAM.II.C.K4Cable guidesAM.II.C.K5Control stopsAM.II.C.K6Push-pull tubesAM.II.C.K7Torque tubesAM.II.C.K8BellcranksAM.II.C.K9Flutter and flight control balanceAM.II.C.K10Rigging of aircraft flight controlsAM.II.C.K11Aircraft flight controls and stabilizer systemsAM.II.C.K12Other aerodynamic wing featuresAM.II.C.K13Secondary and auxiliary control surfacesAM.II.C.R1Use of and interpretation of a cable tension chartAM.II.C.R2Rigging aircraft flight controlsAM.II.C.R3Selection and use of lifting equipment used to move aircraft…AM.II.C.R4Maintaining a calibration schedule for cable tension meters and other…AM.II.C.R5Use and interpretation of cable tensiometers
AM.II.D · Airframe Inspection
AM.II.D.K1Inspection requirements under 14 CFR part 91AM.II.D.K2Maintenance recordkeeping requirements under 14 CFR part 43AM.II.D.K3Requirements for complying with ADsAM.II.D.K4Identification of life-limited parts and their replacement intervalAM.II.D.K5Special inspectionsAM.II.D.K6Use of FAA-approved dataAM.II.D.K7Compliance with service letters, service bulletins, instructions for…AM.II.D.K8CFRs applicable to inspection and airworthinessAM.II.D.K9Corrosion types and identificationAM.II.D.R1Interpretation of inspection instructions, which can lead to over or…AM.II.D.R2Visual inspection and where to apply itAM.II.D.R3Performing radiographic inspectionsAM.II.D.R4Selection and use of checklists and other maintenance publicationsAM.II.D.R5Maintenance record documentation
AM.II.E · Landing Gear Systems
AM.II.E.K1Fixed and retractable landing gear systemsAM.II.E.K2Fixed and retractable landing gear componentsAM.II.E.K3Landing gear strut servicing/lubricationAM.II.E.K4Inspection of bungee and spring steel landing gear systemsAM.II.E.K5Steering systemsAM.II.E.K6Landing gear position and warning system inspection, check, and…AM.II.E.K7Brake assembly servicing and inspectionAM.II.E.K8Anti-skid system components and operationAM.II.E.K9Wheel, brake, and tire constructionAM.II.E.K10Tire storage, care, and servicingAM.II.E.K11Landing gear and tire and wheel safety and inspectionAM.II.E.K12Brake actuating systemsAM.II.E.K13Alternative landing gear systems (e.g., skis, floats)AM.II.E.R1Landing gear and tire and wheel practices/precautionsAM.II.E.R2Use of aircraft jacksAM.II.E.R3High pressure fluids and gasesAM.II.E.R4Storage and handling of hydraulic fluidsAM.II.E.R5High pressure strut or system disassemblyAM.II.E.R6Operation of retractable landing gear systems around personnel
AM.II.F · Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems
AM.II.F.K1Hydraulic system components and fluidsAM.II.F.K2Hydraulic system operationAM.II.F.K3Hydraulic system servicing requirementsAM.II.F.K4Hydraulic system inspection, check, servicing, and troubleshootingAM.II.F.K5Pneumatic system types and componentsAM.II.F.K6Pneumatic system servicing requirementsAM.II.F.K7Servicing, function, and operation of accumulatorsAM.II.F.K8Types of hydraulic/pneumatic seals and fluid/seal compatibilityAM.II.F.K9Hoses, lines, and fittingsAM.II.F.K10Pressure regulators, restrictors, and valvesAM.II.F.K11Filter maintenance proceduresAM.II.F.R1Relieving system pressure prior to system servicing or disassemblyAM.II.F.R2High pressure gases and fluidsAM.II.F.R3Storage and handling of hydraulic fluidsAM.II.F.R4Cross-contamination of hydraulic fluidsAM.II.F.R5Compatibility between hydraulic seals and hydraulic fluids
AM.II.G · Environmental Systems
AM.II.G.K1Pressurization systemsAM.II.G.K2Bleed air heatingAM.II.G.K3Aircraft instrument coolingAM.II.G.K4Exhaust heat exchanger and system component(s) function, operation,…AM.II.G.K5Combustion heater and system component(s) function, operation, and…AM.II.G.K6Vapor-cycle system and system component(s) operation, servicing, and…AM.II.G.K7Air-cycle system and system component(s) operation and inspection…AM.II.G.K8Cabin pressurization and system component(s) operation and inspection…AM.II.G.K9Types of oxygen systems and oxygen system component(s) operation…AM.II.G.K10Oxygen system maintenance and inspection proceduresAM.II.G.R1Oxygen system maintenanceAM.II.G.R2Recovery of vapor-cycle refrigerantAM.II.G.R3Handling or performing maintenance on, chemical oxygen generating…AM.II.G.R4Storage, handling, and use of compressed gas cylinder and high…AM.II.G.R5Manufacturer's recommended servicing procedures, including…AM.II.G.R6Maintenance of combustion heaters
AM.II.H · Aircraft Instrument Systems
AM.II.H.K1Annunciator indicating systems and the meaning of warning, caution,…AM.II.H.K2Magnetic compass inspection and operationAM.II.H.K3Magnetic compass swinging proceduresAM.II.H.K4Pressure indicating instrumentsAM.II.H.K5Temperature indicating instrumentsAM.II.H.K6Position indication sensors and instrumentsAM.II.H.K7Gyroscopic instrumentsAM.II.H.K8Direction indicating instrumentsAM.II.H.K9Instrument vacuum and pneumatic systemsAM.II.H.K10Pitot-static systemAM.II.H.K11Fuel quantity indicating systemsAM.II.H.K12Instrument range markingsAM.II.H.K13Electronic displaysAM.II.H.K14Electrostatic sensitive devicesAM.II.H.K15Built-in test equipmentAM.II.H.K16Electronic flight instrument systemAM.II.H.K17Engine indication and crew alerting systemAM.II.H.K18Head-up displays (HUDs)AM.II.H.K1914 CFR parts 43 and 91 requirements for static system leak checksAM.II.H.K20Instrument limitations, conditions, and characteristicsAM.II.H.K21Angle of attack and stall warning systemsAM.II.H.K22Takeoff and landing gear configuration warning systemsAM.II.H.K23Aircraft bonding and protectionAM.II.H.K24Instrument or instrument panel removal and installationAM.II.H.R1Use of pressurized air and water during maintenance or cleaning of…AM.II.H.R2Actions in response to a reported intermittent warning or caution…AM.II.H.R3Performing maintenance on equipment identified as…AM.II.H.R4Handling of mechanical gyros or instruments containing mechanical…AM.II.H.R5Performing a pitot/static system test
AM.II.I · Communication and Navigation Systems
AM.II.I.K1Radio operating principlesAM.II.I.K2Radio componentsAM.II.I.K3Antenna, static discharge wicks, and avionics identification,…AM.II.I.K4Interphone and intercom systemsAM.II.I.K5Very high frequency (VHF), high frequency (HF), and SATCOM systemsAM.II.I.K6Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS)…AM.II.I.K7Emergency locator transmitter (ELT)AM.II.I.K8Automatic direction finder (ADF)AM.II.I.K9VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K10Distance measuring equipment (DME) theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K11Instrument landing system (ILS) theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K12Global positioning system (GPS) theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K13Traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS), theory, components, and…AM.II.I.K14Weather radarAM.II.I.K15Ground proximity warning system (GPWS) theory, components, and…AM.II.I.K16Autopilot theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K17Auto-throttle theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K18Stability augmentation systems (SAS) (Rotorcraft)AM.II.I.K19Radio altimeter (RA) theory, components, and operationAM.II.I.K20Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) theory,…AM.II.I.K21Transponder/encoder systemAM.II.I.R1ELT testing proceduresAM.II.I.R2Performing maintenance on high power/high frequency systems (e.g.,…AM.II.I.R3Wire harness routingAM.II.I.R4Mounting antennasAM.II.I.R5Electro-static dischargeAM.II.I.R6Working around live electrical systems
AM.II.J · Aircraft Fuel Systems
AM.II.J.K1Fuel system typesAM.II.J.K2Fuel system components, including filters and selector valvesAM.II.J.K3Aircraft fuel tanks/cellsAM.II.J.K4Fuel flowAM.II.J.K5Fuel transfer, fueling, and defuelingAM.II.J.K6Fuel jettisoning/dump systemsAM.II.J.K7Characteristics of fuel typesAM.II.J.K8Fuel system maintenance and inspectionAM.II.J.K9Fuel quantity indicationAM.II.J.R1Fuel system maintenanceAM.II.J.R2Fuel system contaminationAM.II.J.R3Fuel spillsAM.II.J.R4Fuel system maintenance requiring fuel tank entryAM.II.J.R5Defueling aircraft
AM.II.K · Aircraft Electrical Systems
AM.II.K.K1Generators, DC generation systems, and DC power distribution systemsAM.II.K.K2Alternators, AC generation systems, and AC power distribution systemsAM.II.K.K3Starter generatorsAM.II.K.K4constant speed drive (CSD) and integrated drive generator (IDG)…AM.II.K.K5Voltage regulators and over-volt and overcurrent protectionAM.II.K.K6Inverter systemsAM.II.K.K7Aircraft wiring sizes, types, selection, installation and circuit…AM.II.K.K8Derating factors in switch selectionAM.II.K.K9Aircraft wiring shieldingAM.II.K.K10Aircraft lightning protectionAM.II.K.K11Instrument or instrument panel removal and installationAM.II.K.K12Aircraft lighting systemsAM.II.K.K13Electrical system troubleshootingAM.II.K.K14Soldering preparation, types of solder, and flux usageAM.II.K.K15Aircraft electrical connectors, splices, terminals, and switchesAM.II.K.K16Electrical system measurement, adjustment, and testingAM.II.K.K17Aircraft battery troubleshooting and maintenanceAM.II.K.R1Testing/troubleshooting electrical systems or componentsAM.II.K.R2Connecting or disconnecting external powerAM.II.K.R3Maintenance on energized circuits/systemsAM.II.K.R4Maintenance in areas containing aircraft wiringAM.II.K.R5Routing and securing wires and wire bundlesAM.II.K.R6Selecting the size of wire in an electrical circuitAM.II.K.R7Selection or installation of wire terminalsAM.II.K.R8Effects of solderingAM.II.K.R9Soldering practices
AM.II.L · Ice and Rain Control Systems
AM.II.L.K1Aircraft icing causes/effectsAM.II.L.K2Ice detection systemsAM.II.L.K3Aircraft and powerplant anti-ice systems and componentsAM.II.L.K4De-ice systems and componentsAM.II.L.K5Wiper blade, chemical, and pneumatic bleed air rain control systemsAM.II.L.K6Anti-icing and de-icing system maintenanceAM.II.L.K7Environmental conditions that degrade visionAM.II.L.R1System testing or maintenanceAM.II.L.R2Storage and handling of deicing fluidsAM.II.L.R3Selection and use of cleaning materials for heated windshields
AM.II.M · Airframe Fire Protection Systems
AM.II.M.K1Types of fires and aircraft fire zonesAM.II.M.K2Overheat and fire detection and warning systemsAM.II.M.K3Overheat and fire detection system maintenance and inspectionAM.II.M.K4Smoke and carbon monoxide detection systemsAM.II.M.K5Fire extinguishing agentsAM.II.M.K6Types of fire extinguishing systemsAM.II.M.K7Fire extinguishing system maintenance and inspection requirementsAM.II.M.R1Maintenance on circuits associated with fire bottle squibsAM.II.M.R2Use of PPEs when working on or testing fire extinguishing systemsAM.II.M.R3Fire extinguishing agents
AM.II.N · Rotorcraft Fundamentals
AM.II.N.K1Rotorcraft aerodynamicsAM.II.N.K2Flight controlsAM.II.N.K3TransmissionsAM.II.N.K4Rigging requirements for rotary wing aircraftAM.II.N.K5Design, type, and operation of rotor systemsAM.II.N.K6Helicopter skid shoe and tube inspectionAM.II.N.K7Rotor blade functions and constructionAM.II.N.K8Rotor vibrations, track, and balanceAM.II.N.K9Drive system vibrations and inspectionAM.II.N.R1Working around helicopter blades during ground operationsAM.II.N.R2Ground-handling proceduresAM.II.N.R3Ground operations and functional testsAM.II.N.R4Maintenance and inspection of rotorcraft systems and components
AM.II.O · Water and Waste Systems
AM.II.O.K1Potable water system components and operationAM.II.O.K2Lavatory waste system components and operationAM.II.O.K3Inspection and servicing requirements for water and waste systemsAM.II.O.R1Servicing lavatory waste systems, including use of safety equipment
Powerplant · 163 codes
AM.III.A · Reciprocating Engines
AM.III.A.K1Types of reciprocating enginesAM.III.A.K2Reciprocating engine operating principles/theory of operationAM.III.A.K3Internal combustion engine operating principles/theory of operationAM.III.A.K4Horizontally-opposed engine construction and internal componentsAM.III.A.K5Radial engine construction and internal componentsAM.III.A.K6Storage and preservationAM.III.A.K7Reciprocating engine performance (e.g., PLANK, SFC)AM.III.A.K8Reciprocating engine maintenance and inspectionAM.III.A.K9Reciprocating engine ground operationsAM.III.A.K10Diesel engine operating principles/theory of operationAM.III.A.R1Maintenance that requires moving the propellerAM.III.A.R2Preparation for and ground operation of a reciprocating engineAM.III.A.R3Actions in the event of a reciprocating engine fireAM.III.A.R4Use of other than manufacturer's procedures during maintenance
AM.III.B · Turbine Engines
AM.III.B.K1Turbine engine operating principles/theory of operationAM.III.B.K2Types of turbine enginesAM.III.B.K3Turbine engine construction and internal componentsAM.III.B.K4Turbine engine performance and monitoringAM.III.B.K5Turbine engine troubleshooting, maintenance, and inspection proceduresAM.III.B.K6Procedures required after the installation of a turbine engineAM.III.B.K7Causes for turbine engine performance lossAM.III.B.K8Bleed air systemsAM.III.B.K9Storage and preservationAM.III.B.K10Auxiliary power unit(s)AM.III.B.K11Turbine engine adjustment and testingAM.III.B.R1Operation of a turbine engineAM.III.B.R2Performing maintenance on a turbine engineAM.III.B.R3Actions in the event of a turbine engine fireAM.III.B.R4Foreign object damage
AM.III.C · Engine Inspection
AM.III.C.K1Inspection requirements under 14 CFR part 43 and 14 CFR part 91AM.III.C.K2Identification of life-limited parts and their replacement intervalAM.III.C.K3Special inspectionsAM.III.C.K4Use of FAA-approved dataAM.III.C.K5Compliance with service letters, service bulletins, instructions for…AM.III.C.K6Maintenance recordkeeping requirements under 14 CFR part 43AM.III.C.K7Engine component inspection, checking, and servicingAM.III.C.K8Engine mounts, mounting hardware, and the inspection and checking of…AM.III.C.R1A compression test on a reciprocating engineAM.III.C.R2Maintenance on an operating reciprocating engineAM.III.C.R3Maintenance on an operating turbine engine
AM.III.D · Engine Instrument Systems
AM.III.D.K1Fuel flowAM.III.D.K2Temperature (e.g., exhaust gas, oil, oil cylinder head, turbine inlet)AM.III.D.K3Engine speed indicating systemsAM.III.D.K4Pressure (e.g., air, fuel, manifold, oil)AM.III.D.K5Annunciator indicating systems (e.g., warning, caution, and advisory…AM.III.D.K6TorquemetersAM.III.D.K7Engine pressure ratio (EPR)AM.III.D.K8Engine indicating and crew alerting system (EICAS)AM.III.D.K9Digital engine control module (e.g., full authority digital engine…AM.III.D.K10Electronic centralized aircraft monitor (ECAM)AM.III.D.K11Engine instrument range markings and instrument conditionsAM.III.D.R1Maintenance damage to the instrument or indicating systemAM.III.D.R2Engine instrument calibration or instrument error
AM.III.E · Engine Fire Protection Systems
AM.III.E.K1Types of fires and engine fire zonesAM.III.E.K2Fire detection warning system operationAM.III.E.K3Fire detection system maintenance and inspection requirementsAM.III.E.K4Fire extinguishing agents, types of systems, and operationAM.III.E.K5Fire extinguishing system maintenance and inspectionAM.III.E.R1Container discharge cartridgesAM.III.E.R2Extinguishing agentsAM.III.E.R3Maintenance on circuits associated with electrically-activated…
AM.III.F · Engine Electrical Systems
AM.III.F.K1GeneratorsAM.III.F.K2AlternatorsAM.III.F.K3Starter generatorsAM.III.F.K4Voltage regulators and overvoltage and overcurrent protectionAM.III.F.K5DC generation systemsAM.III.F.K6AC generation systemsAM.III.F.K7The procedure for locating the correct electrical cable/wire size…AM.III.F.K8The purpose and procedure for paralleling a dual-generator electrical…AM.III.F.K9CSD and IDG systems and componentsAM.III.F.K10Engine electrical wiring, switches, and protective devicesAM.III.F.R1Polarity when performing electrical system maintenanceAM.III.F.R2Actions in response to a warning or caution annunciator lightAM.III.F.R3Maintenance on energized aircraft circuits/systemsAM.III.F.R4Routing and security of wiring near flammable fluid lines
AM.III.G · Engine Lubrication Systems
AM.III.G.K1Types, grades, and uses of engine oilAM.III.G.K2Lubrication system operation and componentsAM.III.G.K3Wet-sump systemAM.III.G.K4Dry-sump systemAM.III.G.K5Chip detectorsAM.III.G.K6Lubrication system maintenance, inspection, servicing, and analysisAM.III.G.K7Excessive aircraft engine oil consumptionAM.III.G.R1Use or mixing of engine oilsAM.III.G.R2Following other than manufacturer's recommendations regarding the use…AM.III.G.R3Handling, storage, and disposal of used lubricating oil
AM.III.H · Ignition and Starting Systems
AM.III.H.K1Ignition system theoryAM.III.H.K2Spark plug theoryAM.III.H.K3Shower of sparks and impulse couplingAM.III.H.K4Three electrical circuits of a magneto systemAM.III.H.K5Solid-state ignition systemsAM.III.H.K6Digital engine control module (e.g., FADEC)AM.III.H.K7Engine startersAM.III.H.K8Magneto system components and operationAM.III.H.K9Turbine engine ignition systemsAM.III.H.R1Advanced and retarded ignition timing (piston engine)AM.III.H.R2Maintenance on engines with capacitor discharge ignition systemsAM.III.H.R3Working around reciprocating engines with an ungrounded magneto
AM.III.I · Engine Fuel and Fuel Metering Systems
AM.III.I.K1Fuel/air ratio and fuel metering, and carburetor theory and operationAM.III.I.K2Float carburetor theory, components, operation, and adjustmentAM.III.I.K3Pressure carburetor theory, operation, and adjustmentAM.III.I.K4Continuous-flow fuel injection theory, components, operation,…AM.III.I.K5Digital engine control module (e.g., FADEC)AM.III.I.K6Hydromechanical fuel control system design and componentsAM.III.I.K7Fuel nozzles and manifolds design, operation, and maintenanceAM.III.I.K8Components, theory, and operation of turbine engine fuel metering…AM.III.I.K9Inspection requirements for an engine fuel systemAM.III.I.K10Fuel system operationAM.III.I.K11Fuel heatersAM.III.I.K12Fuel linesAM.III.I.K13Fuel pumpsAM.III.I.K14Fuel valvesAM.III.I.K15Fuel filtersAM.III.I.K16Engine fuel drainsAM.III.I.R1Adjusting a turbine engine fuel controlAM.III.I.R2Adjusting reciprocating engine fuel control systemsAM.III.I.R3Handling of fuel metering system components that may contain fuelAM.III.I.R4Considerations during fuel system maintenanceAM.III.I.R5Handling of engine fuel control units that may contain fuel
AM.III.J · Reciprocating Engine Induction and Cooling Systems
AM.III.J.K1Reciprocating engine induction and cooling system theory, components,…AM.III.J.K2Causes and effects of induction system icingAM.III.J.K3Superchargers and controlsAM.III.J.K4Turbochargers, intercoolers, and controlsAM.III.J.K5Augmenter cooling systemAM.III.J.K6Induction system filteringAM.III.J.K7Carburetor heatersAM.III.J.K8Pressure cowling air flow and controlAM.III.J.K9Reciprocating engine baffle and seal installationAM.III.J.K10Liquid cooling system theory, components, and operationAM.III.J.R1Maintenance on turbochargersAM.III.J.R2Ground operation of aircraft enginesAM.III.J.R3Maintenance-related FODAM.III.J.R4Chemicals used in liquid cooling systems
AM.III.K · Turbine Engine Air Systems
AM.III.K.K1Air cooling system theory, components, and operationAM.III.K.K2Turbine engine cowling air flowAM.III.K.K3Turbine engine internal coolingAM.III.K.K4Turbine engine baffle and seal installationAM.III.K.K5Turbine engine insulation blankets and shroudsAM.III.K.K6Turbine engine induction system theory, components, and operationAM.III.K.K7Turbine engine bleed air system theory, components, and operationAM.III.K.K8Turbine engine anti-ice systemAM.III.K.R1Maintenance on compressor bleed air systemsAM.III.K.R2Ground operation of aircraft engines following other than…
AM.III.L · Engine Exhaust and Reverser Systems
AM.III.L.K1Reciprocating engine exhaust system theory, components, operation,…AM.III.L.K2Turbine engine exhaust system theory, components, operation, and…AM.III.L.K3Noise suppression theory, components, and operation (e.g., mufflers,…AM.III.L.K4Thrust reverser theory, components, and operationAM.III.L.R1Maintenance and inspection of exhaust system componentsAM.III.L.R2Operation of turbine engine reversing systemsAM.III.L.R3Operation of reciprocating engines with exhaust systems leaksAM.III.L.R4Exhaust system failuresAM.III.L.R5Ground operation of aircraft engines
AM.III.M · Propellers
AM.III.M.K1Propeller theory and operationAM.III.M.K2Types of propellers and blade designAM.III.M.K3Pitch control and adjustmentAM.III.M.K4Constant speed propeller and governor theory and operationAM.III.M.K5Turbine engine propeller reverse/beta range operationAM.III.M.K6Propeller servicing, maintenance, and inspection requirementsAM.III.M.K7Procedures for removal and installation of a propellerAM.III.M.K8Propeller TCDSAM.III.M.K9Propeller synchronization systemsAM.III.M.K10Propeller ice control systemsAM.III.M.R1Ground operationAM.III.M.R2Propeller maintenance and inspections